Abstract: Malaria is a disease that can cause fatal complication if the diagnosis and treatment are delayed. So, quick detection and early treatment of malaria are the best policies of disease management. Blood sample (fresh blood from finger prick) was collected from total number of 2500 patients present with classical symptoms of malaria. PBS_S were stained with Leishman’s stain. Antigen detection tests were done using commercially available kits. Out-of 2500 patients 421 cases were positive by Peripheral blood smear and 427 were positive by card test. Peripheral blood smear has superior for species identification but the RDT_S are easy to use, interpret and simple to test, therefore the test can be used as an epidemiological tool where the microscope and Leishman’s stain are unavailable.  

Abstract: Phoenix sylvestris (the wild date palm) is an economically and ecologically important palm species distributed across South Asia, particularly in India, Pakistan, Nepal, and Bangladesh. It is valued for its fruit, sap, sugar, and fibers, and serves as a key component in agroforestry systems. The species shows remarkable tolerance to drought and varied soil types, making it a resilient candidate for sustainable cultivation. Its sap—traditionally used to produce jaggery and fermented beverages—has significant cultural and economic importance. Despite its wide distribution, P. sylvestris faces pressures from habitat degradation, overexploitation for sap tapping, and limited conservation initiatives. This paper provides an overview of its taxonomy, distribution, ecological significance, and socioeconomic uses, while emphasizing the need for improved conservation and management strategies.