Abstract: The interaction of subsurface water with the surface water depends mainly on the geological and geomorphological setting of the landscape. Various geological and physiographic characteristics play a major role at different levels in the occurrence and movement of groundwater in any terrain. Water resources in the Rupnarayan-Dwarakeshwar basin are unevenly distributed in spatio-temporal domain. Here terrain parameters steer the discharge and recharge mechanism of ground water and it is observable in the water table fluctuation in the spatial domain. In this research, the application of satellite images proved to be very useful in identifying the landform characteristics of the study area. The study reveals the fact of low groundwater depth at the hard rock terrain and high depth of the same at the river mouth. The average depth of ground water of the basin is reported to be 4-8 metres below ground level. The findings obtained may be useful to study the interrelationship between specific terrain condition and the groundwater flow characteristics for future studies and also could be helpful for administrative planning purposes. 

Abstract: Wastewater from Binh An hospital was treated by EGSB lab-scale model. It is found that both EGSB started up with granular sludge and septic sludge operated at organic loading rate of 0.2-1.8 kg COD/m³.day, with upward-flow velocity of 1.3 m/h can achieve greater than 65% COD removal efficiency and meet the current Vietnamese discharged standard for effluent from hospital wastewater (QCVN 28:2008/BTNMT). COD decreased from 148 ± 18 mg/L of the influent to 50 ± 18 mg/L of the effluent and BOD₅ of the effluent bellowed 35 ± 12 mg/L. When the organic loading rate increased from 1.8 kg COD/m³.day to 2.3 kg COD/m³.day, corresponding to the up-flow velocity increased from 2.4 m/h to 2.8 m/h, COD removal efficiency reduced significantly. The up-flow velocity of 2.8 m/h leaded small and low density suspended solids and granular sludge flowing with effluent. With COD of the influent < 200 mg/L, EGSB can remove > 65% of COD if the up-flow velocity and the organic loading rate was controlled ≤ 2.4 m/h and about 1.8 kg COD/m³.day, respectively. EGSB with media F25 gave higher COD removal efficiency compared to that without media addition.